ADDIS ABABA, April 8 (Xinhua) -- Ethiopia's new prime minister Abiy Ahmed started his first official trip outside Addis Ababa on Saturday to the eastern Somali regional state to resolve deadly communal clashes. Source: Hiiraan Online

Ilaa hada Ma Cada iney tahay falbargagixiso iyo inkale kadib markii Gaari weyn uu dhex galay oo jiiray Dad Goobta lagu magacaabo Kiepenkerl ee Magaalada Münster Dalka Jarmalka. Sadex Qof ayaa geeriyooday ku dhowaad 30 na waa dhaawac Wixii soo kordha kala soco Pi

MINNEAPOLIS (KMSP) - The City of Minneapolis is working on building trust between police and communities with a high immigrant population. Source: Hiiraan Online

Saylac (Caasamadda Online) – Wargeyska Orientalreview, ayaa daabacay in Dowladda Ruushka ay dooneyso in ay saldhig Ciidan ka dhisayo maagalada Saylac ee Maamulka Somaliland. Wargeysku waxaa uu sheegay Somaliland ay Saldhigga Saylac ee Ruushka uga beddelenayeso aqoonsi uu siiyo,sidaasna ay ku billaabato Aqoonsiga caalamiga ah ee Somaliland. Saylac waxaa ay Sohdin la wadaagtaa Dalka Jabuuti,halkaas oo Waddamo badan oo Reer Galbeed iyo Reer Bari ahba ku leeyihiin Saldhigyo Milatari. Imaaraadku waxaa ay Saldhig Ciidan ka dhisanayaan Berbera laakiin heshiiska kuma jirto Aqoonsiga Somaliland,sidoo kale waxaa ay heystaan Jasiiradda Sooqadara iyo Dekadda Magaalada Cadan ee Koofurta Yemen. Hab Maamulka Somaliland waa is maamul aan cidna ku tiirsaneyn,waxaana ay u egyihiin sida Koofurta Yemen oo kale,waxaa ay galaan heshiisyo u gaar ah,waxaana ay ka xasilloonyihiin Soomaaliya inteeda kale. Wasiirka Arrimaha dibadda Somaliland Sacad Cali Shire ayaa la kulmay Diplomaasi Ruush ah oo lagu magacaabo Yury Kourchakov,waxaana ay ka wada hadleen suurtagalnimada Saldhigga Ruushku ka doonayo magaalada Saylac ee Gobolka Awdal. Warbixinta waxaa lagu sheegay in Saldhigga Ruushka ee Saylac ay ka weyn tahay kaliya saldhig Milatari oo uu Ruushku ku yeesho geeska Afrika hayeeshee waxaa uu doonayaa in uu Mareykanka tartan kula galo maamulidda inta badan Geeska Afrika oo ay Waddamada Reer Galbeedka mar hore la wareegeen. Warbixintu waxaa ay intaas ku dareysaa in sidoo kale Ruushka doonayo in uu Saldhig Milatari ka helo Dalka Suudaan oo Sanadkii hore codsi noocaas ah uu u gudbiyay inkasta oo Khartuum aysan shaacin. Damaca Ruushka ee Bariga Afrika waxaa kale oo uu uga faa’ideysanayaa xiriirka qotada dheer ee uu la leeyahay Itoobiya,taas oo Jabuuti kala heshiisay dhisamaha Waddo Tareen oo Sanadkii hore xarigga laga jaray iskuna xirta Labada dal. Isha Warkan: Orientalreview. Mustaqbal Radio Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

When Ahmed Hussen first arrived in Canada as a teenager, he remembers feeling very cold and very lonely. His family had fled Somalia when the government collapsed amid civil war in 1991. Hussen’s parents stayed behind as refugees in Kenya but sent their sons to Canada. Source: Hiiraan Online

Mogadishu (HOL) - The two opposing factions led by Speaker Jawari and Prime Minister Khaire are scheduled to hold talks amid the sessions of the House were put off following escalating political tensions. Source: Hiiraan Online

Ururka Haweenka ee Degmada Saaxo ee Gobolka Mudug ayaa maanta waxa ay Degmadaasi ay ka bilaabeen Olole Nadaafadeed oo ay uga hortagayaan Cuduro ka dilaaca Meelaha Qashinka laysugu geeyo iyo goobaha ay Biyaha Roobku ay fariistaan. Haweenka ayaa sheegay in aysan Dowladda hoose ee Degmada Saaxo aysan ka helin agabkii lagu gurijiray Qashinka maadaama ay si iskaa wax u qabso ah ay shaqadan ubilaabeen ,dantuna ay biday in ay Gacmahooda ay Qashinka ku qaadaan . Waxa ay Dowldda hoose ay ka codsadeen in loo keeno qalab ay ku shaqeeyaan Haweenka si howsha loo sii dar dar galiyo. Degmada Saaxo ayaa kamid ah deegaanadii dhawaan uu ka curtay Roobkii Guga. Hadaba halkan ka dhagayso Dhuux xaaji Cismaan oo ah Gudoomiye kuxigeenka Ururka Hweenka ee Degmada Saaxo. Dhuux

Muqdisho (Caasimadda Online) – Qaar kamid ah Fariisimihii ay ciidamada Xasilinta faarujiyeen saacadaha ka hor ayaa hadda waxaa lagu arkayaa ciidamo Boolis ah oo halkaas ku sugan. Ciidamadaan ayaa waxaa lagu arkayo qeybo kamid ah meelihii ay Xasilinta faarujiyeen, waxaana kamid ah Isgoyska Howl-wadaag, Jid Mareexaanka, Geed Jaceyl iyo Shiikh Cali Suufi. Weli waxaa jiro meelo badan oo haawanayo oo aysan imaan ciidamada Booliska Sida isgoyska Tarabuunka, Digfeer, Seybiyaano iyo qeybo ka mid ah woqooyiga Magaalada Muqdisho. Ciidamada Xasilinta ayaa Maanta isaga tagay meelihii ay gawaarida ku baari jireen muddo 6 bilood ka badan, waxaana lasoo sheegayaa inuu jiro gadood ku saabsan xaquuq la sheegay inaysan ciidamadaas helin. Tan iyo markii ciidamadaas lasoo dhigay meelaha laga soo galo wadada Makka Al-Mukarama waxaa yaraaday qaraxyadii ka dhacayey Muqdisho gaar ahaan kuwa lagu soo xiri jiray gawaarida waaweyn. Shalay ayey aheyd markii laba fariisimo oo ay ciidamadaas lahaayeen lala beegsaday qaraxo lagu soo xiray baabuurta Raaxada oo ay wadeen naftood hurayaan ka tirsan Ururka Al-Shabaab. Saraakiil ka tirsan Dowladda Soomaaliya oo la hadlay Caasimadda Online ayaa sheegay in tallaabo sharciga waafaqsan laga qaadi doono Saraakiishii amartay inay ciidamadaas faarujiyaan koontarooladii ay gawaarida ku hubin jireen. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

Madaxweynaha Dowladda Fadaraalka Soomaaliya Maxamed C/laahi farmaajo ayaa maanta xarunta Wasaarada Gaashandhiga ee dowladda Soomaaliya kulamo Gooni gooni ah waxa uu kula qaatay Xildhibaanadii taageersanaa Gudoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya Maxamed Sheekh Cismaan Jawaari. Madaxweynaha ayaa Xildhibaanada kala hadalaya xalinta khilaafka udhaxeeya labada Garab ee Baarlamanka ,taas oo ka dhalatay Mooshinkii Gudoomiye Jaari laga keenay. Xildhibaanadan ayaa lasheegay in ay yihin Gudigii labada dhinac ahaa ee maanta lamagacaabay oo ka koobnaa 14 Xunood oo ka kala yimid labada garab ee ishaya. Gudigan ayaa waxaa kala magacaabay Gudoomiye Jawaari iyo kuxigeenkiisa koowaad oo ah garabka ka soo horjeeda Muudeey . Majirto ilaa iyo hada wax war ah oo ka soo baxay wadahadalada dhexmaray Madaxweynaha iyo Gudigan.

Degmada Dhahar ee Gobolka Haylaan waxaa ka curtay Roobkii Guga oo in badan ay sugayeen dadka kudhaqan Gobolkaasi Haylaan oo ay mudo badan haysatay Abaar Saameen kuyeelatay dadka Xoolahaba. Roobabka ka da,ay Degmada Dhahar 24 saac ee la soo dhaafay ayaan gaysan wax khasaare ah sida la soo seegayo , waxaana uu Roobku uu ku teed sanyahay Tuulooyinbadan oo oo hoos yimaada Degmada dhahar ee Gobolka Haylaan. Ugu yaraan ilaa iyo 800 oo qoys oo xoolo dhaqato ah ayaa ku sugnaa Deegaanada ay Roobabkaasi ay ka da,een kuwaas oo aad ugu farxay Roobkan maanta dushooda ku hooray. Halkan ka dhagayso Dadka degmada dhahar

Waasiir kuxigeenka Wasaarada Caafimaadka ee Puntland Faarax Maxamed Warsame iyo Wafti uu hogaaminaayay oo safar shaqo kutagay Degmada Taleex ee Gobolka Sool ,ayaa sheegay in Gobolkaasi ay geeyeen deeq daawo ah oo loogu talagalay dadka ku dhaqan Degmada Taleen si wax looga qabto baahiyaha Caafimaad xumo ee halkaasi kataagan . Wasiir kuxigeenka Caafimaadka ayaa sheegay in Puntland ay dayacyad, oo faraheeda ay ka baxeen Degmooyin katirsan Gobolkaasi Sool . Wasriir Faarax ayaa sheegay in markii ay la sheekeesteen Odayaasha Deegaanka ay usheegeen in Gobolka ay ka jiraan baahiyo badan oo ay bulshado uga fadhiday in dowladda Puntland ay wax ka qabato . Wasiirka ayaa sheegay in ay Degmada Taleex ay ka jirto Abaar saamaysay dadka iyo duunyada iyo Biyo la,an haysata dadka Xoolo dhaqada ah. Waxa uu sheegay Wasiirkuxigeenka in uu uujiro qorshe ay dowladda Puntland wax uga qabanayso xaalada Gobolkaasi ka jirta ,balse haatan aysan shaaca ka qadi doonin xiliga talaabooyinkaasi la qaadi doono . Halkan ka dhagayso . Wasiir kuxigeenka Caafimaadka

Muqdisho (Caasimadda Online) – Wararka hadda naga soo gaarayo Magaalada Muqdisho ayaa sheegayo inay ciidmada Xasilinta faarujiyeen dhammaan koontarooladii ay kaga sugnaayeen gudaha Magaalada Muqdisho. Ciidamadaan ayaa mar qura isaga baxay dhammaan goobihii ay Muqdisho kaga sugnaayeen iyagoo ka qaatay dhammaan agabyadoodii. Caasimadda Online ayaa ogaatay inay ciidamadaan gadoodeen kadib markii la sheegay inaysan dowladda Soomaaliya ka helin xuquuqdii ay ku lahaayeen. Ciidamada Xasilinta oo shalay isku dhigay laba baabuur qaraxydo waday ayaa la sheegay inay Xalay Ra’isulwasaare Kheyre oo booqday ka waayeen waxyaabihii ay ka filayeen. Waxaa lasoo sheegayaa inay ka tabanayaan xuquuq la’aan iyo inaan mushaarkooda la siinin, iyagoo sheegay inaysan isku darsan karin naf huris iyo wax la’aan. Ra’isulwasare Kheyre oo xalay Ciidamadaas ku booqday goobahooda ayaa sheegay in xuquuqda la siin doono, lamana ogo ilaa hadda tallaabada ay dowladda qaadi doonto. Dhammaan goobihii ay ciidamadaas ka joogeen Magaalada Muqdisho ayaa hadda faaruq ah waxayna Magaalada Muqdisho halis ugu jirtaa inay soo laabtaan qaraxyadii waaweynaa ee lagu soo xiri jiray Gawaarida Xamuulka kadib muddo badan oo laga nastay. Haddii aanan ciidamadaan lasoo celin isla markaasna la qancin waxay Muqdisho marti u noqon doontaa Qaraxyada Al-Shabaab oo jaanis fiican u heli doono kadib muddo badan oo ay xayirnaayeen. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

Wasaaradda Arrimaha gudah dowladda Puntland ayaa maanta shaacisay in Golaha Degaanka cusub ee loo soo xulayo caasimadda Garoowe ay mamnuuc ka yihiin dhammaan xubnihii ka tirsanaa Golihii Degaanka ee maalmo ka hor la kala diray. Qoraal ay Sabtida maanta ah soo saartay Wasaaraddu,ayaa sidoo kale lagu sheegay in aan gebi ahaanba la aqbali doonin xubnihii ka tirsaa Golayaashii la kala diray ee caasimadda Garoowe soo maray,islamarkaana lagu celin doono beeshii soo xulata xubin ka tirsanaa Golyaashaasi. Dhinaca kale wasaaradda ayaa shuruudaha ku soo dartay in aan qof ka tirsan shaqaalaha dowladda Puntland loo soo xuli karin, xubnaha cusub ee Golaha Degaanka Garoowe. Halkaan ka akhriso qoraalka oo dhammaystiran. PUNRLAND POST The post Wasaaradda Arrimaha gudaha Puntland oo mamnuucday Xubnihii la kala diray ee Golaha Degaanka caasimadda Garowe. appeared first on Puntland Post.

Muqdisho (Caasimadda Online) – Guddi Xildhibaano ah oo ka tirsan garab Guddoomiyaha golaha shacabka Soomaaliya Maxamed Shiikh Cusmaan Jawaari ayaa hada kulan madaxtooyada Soomaaliya kula leh Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya Maxamed C/llaahi Farmaajo. Xildhibaano ka tirsan golaha shacabka ayaa Caasimadda Online u xaqiijiyay in hada kulanka socdo waxaana looga hadlayaa sidii xal loogu heli lahaa khilaafka Baarlamaanka. Gudigaan ayaa la sheegay in ay ka kooban yihiin 7 xubnood oo ka socda garabka guddoomiye Jawaari Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya ayaa sidoo kale la kulmi doono guddi kale oo ka socda dhinaca Guddoomiye ku xigeenka 1aad ee Golaha Shacabka Cabdi wali shiikh Ibraahim Muudey. Guddiga uu Jawaari magacaabay ayaa kala ah 1- Xildhibaan C/qaadir Cosoble Cali 2 – C/raxmaan Beene Beene 3 – Xildhibaan Sacdiyo Salaad 4 -Xildhibaan Fowsiya Sheekh 5- Xildhibaan Xasan Cabdi Ismaaciil 6 – Xildhibaan Axmed Macalin Fiqi Wixii warar ah ee kusoo kordha waan idinla soo socodsiin doonaa Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

Muqdisho (Caasimadda Online) – Ciidamada dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya ayaa weli wada howlgal ay ku kala xireen isku socodka Waddooyinka ugu mashquulka badan ee magaalada Muqdisho oo kala ah Wadnaha iyo Makka Al-mukarrama . Waxaa joogto noqday in gaadiidka ku sugan Jidka Wadnaha loo diido inay u soo gudbaan ama u soo tallaabaan dhinaca Maka Almukarama, waxaana gaadiidka lagu celinayaa isgoysyada Sanca, Jardiinka, Xararyaale, Howlwadaag, Sheekh Cali Suufi ilaa Trebuunka, taasoo keentay inay magaaladu noqoto laba qeybood. Gaadiidka iyo Mooto Bajaajka ayaa ku qasban inay sameysteen bar kala wareeg ah oo ay dadka kula kala wareegaan, waxaana soo kordhay in ciidamada ilaalada ka ah isgoysyadaasi ayay mararka qaarkood gaadiidka lacago ka qaataan si ay ugu ogolaadaan inay u gudbaan wadadda Maka Almukarama. Dhibaatada ka taagan xeritaanka Wadooyinka Muqdisho oo joogto noqotay ayaa hadda yeelatay muuqaal kale oo ah magaalo laba qeybsan oo khad cagaaran yeelatay iyo musuq ay ciidamada ku kacayaan. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

MOGADISHU (Reuters) - The U.S. military said on Friday it had killed three militants after launching an air strike in Somalia against al Shabaab, a militant Islamist group allied with al Qaeda. Source: Hiiraan Online

Muwaadin Ali Al Mazrouei April 7, 2018 Amiirka Mandaqada Dubai, ahna Madaxweyne ku xigeenka iyo Raisal Wasaaraha Dalka Isutaga Imaarada Carabbta Shaikh Mohammad Bin Rashid Al Maktoum ayaa ku marti qaaday inuu shirka golaha wasiirada ka qeyb galo muwaadin waayeel oo u dhashay dalka Imaaratka, kana soo jeeda Mandaqada Ras Al Khaimaha. Muwaadinkaas oo lagu magacaabo Ali Al Mazrouei ayaa isaga oo ka qeyb galay dood ka soctay Radiyaha si toos ah aflagaadooyin ugu geystay Amiirka Dubai, isagoo ka cabanaayey kor u kaca qiimaha nolosha ee dalkaasi. Raisal Wasaaraha Dalka Isutaga Imaarada Carabta Shaikh Mohammad Bin Rashid Al Maktoum ayaan maanta oo sabti ah barta uu ku leeyahay Twitterka ugu baaqay in muwaadin Ali Al Mazrouei uu ka qeyb galo shirka golaha wasiirada oo diirada lagu saarayo Wasaarada Horumarinta Bulshada iyo Gargaarka Mujtamaca dan yarta ah

Gudoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya Maxamed Sheekh Cismaan Jawaari ayaa Goordhow oo maanta ah magacaabay Guddi xaliya khilaafka siyaasadeed ee ka jira Baarlamaanka. Guddigaan oo ah xubno katirsan Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya ayaa waxa ay kala yihiin:- 1- Xildhibaan Cabdiqaadir Cosoble, 2- Xildhibaan Been Beene 3- Xildhibaanad Sacdiyo 4- Xildhibaan Foowsiya Sheekh 5- Xildhibaan Xasan Yare. Xildhibaanadaan ayaa xal u raadinaya khilaafka ka dhexjira Baarlamaanka iyo Mooshinka laga keenay Gudoomiye Jawaari. Xildhibaanadaan ayaa la kulmi doono Xildhibaanada wada Mooshinka Jawaari si ay ugala hadlaan xalinta khilaafka Siyaasadeed. Xasan Maxamed Samatar Cowke Puntland Post Muqdisho The post Gudoomiye Jawaari ayaa Magacaabay Guddi xal ka gaara Mooshinka appeared first on Puntland Post.

Wasaaradda arrimaha gudaha iyo dowladdaha hoosee ee dowladda Puntland ayaa soo saartay Shuruudaha kaga rabo xubnaha loo xulayo ka mid noqoshada Golaha Degaanka Garowe.

Muqdisho (Caasimadda Online) – Hoggaamiayaha Aqlabiyadda Baarlamaanka Dalka Kenya Xildhibaan Barre Ducaale ayaa si kulul u cambaareeyey fara gelinta Dowladda Imaaraatku ku hayso arrimaha Soomaaliya. Xildhibaanka ayaa qoraal uu soo dhigay bartiisa Twitter-ka ku yiri “Dowladda Imaaraatka Carabta waxaa waajib ku ah in dhowrto madax bannaanida shacabka Soomaaliyeed, kana fogaato in ay curyaamiso shaqada hay’adaha Dowladda.” Sidoo kale Xildhibaan Barre Ducaale waxa uu ugu baaqay dalalka Ururu Goboleedka IGAD in ay isugu yimaadaan kulan deg deg ah oo ku saabsan xal u helista khilaafka ka jira Baarlamaanka Soomaaliyeed. “Waddamada IGAD waa inay isugu yimaadaan kulan degdeg ah oo ku saabsan xallinta khilaafka siyaasadeed ee u dhexeeya Baarlamaanka, si loo ilaaliyo guulaha laga gaarey dhinacyada ammaanka iyo xasilloonida, inta uu Madaxweyne Farmaajo talada hayey.” Dad badan oo ka fallooda arrimaha siyaasadda ayaa ku fasiray hadalka Hoggaamiyaha Aqlabbiyadda Baarlamaanka Kenya mid muujinaya tuhunka laga qabo kaalinta ay Imaaraatka Carabta ay ku leeyihiin qalalaasaha haatan ka dhex jira Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

Muqdisho (Caasimadda Online) – Saacadihii ugu dambeeyay ayaa kulamo waxay ka soconayeen magaalada muqdisho, gaar ahaan Madaxtooyada Soomaaliya, kulamadaasi ayaa ahaa kuwoo xal loogu raadinayay xiisada siyaasadeed ee ka dhalatay Mooshinkii ka dhanka ahaa Gudoomiye Jawaari. Ilo wareedyo lagu kal soonyahay ayaa sheegay in Guddoomiye Jawaari uu soo magacaabay Guddi ka kooban 7 xubnood, oo la kulmi doona guddi kale oo dhanka Guddoomiye ku xigeenka 1aad iyo Xildhibaanada mooshinka wada ka imaanaya, si ay xal ugu raadiyaan xiisada siyaasadeed ee taagan. Wararka soo baxaya ayaa sheegaya in kulan deg deg ah ay ku yeelanayaan Villa Hargeysa gudi ka kooban 14 xubnood oo ka kala yimaanaya labada dhinac ee kala ah dhinaca Mooshinka wada iyo dhinaca ka soo horjeeda. Sidoo kale waxaa la sheegayaa in xubnaha Guddiga 7-da xubnood ee Jawaari uu magacaabay ay la kulmi doonaan Madaxweynaha, si ay uga arrinsadaan xal u helida arrimaha taagan iyo sidii sharciga loogu kala bixi lahaa. Sidoo kale waxaa la sheegayaa in xubnaha Guddiga 7-da xubnood ee Jawaari uu magacaabay ay la kulmi doonaan Madaxweynaha, si ay uga arrinsadaan xal u helida arrimaha taagan iyo sidii sharciga loogu kala bixi lahaa. Wakiilada Beesha Caalamka ee fadhigooda yahay Xalane ayaa walaac ka muujiyay khilaafka taagan in loo adeegsado xoog iyo awood maquunin baal marsan xeer hoosaadka iyo dastuurka, waxaana xiriiro ay la soo sameeyeen Madaxda u soo jeediyeen in khilaafka lagu xaliyo dastuurka ama wado kale oo isu tanaasul ah. Dadaalada socda ayaa ka duwan kuwii hore ee fashilmay, waxaana ay u badan tahay in la gaaro xal ku jira tanaasul, maadaama uu khilaafka daba dheeraaday, isla markaana amni ahaan iyo siyaasad ahaan uu saameyn keenay. Kulamadaan ayaa imaanaya xilli uu cirka isku sii shareeyo khilaafka siyaasadeed ee ka dhax taagan Golaha Shacabka, iyadoo la filayo in kulamadooda ay ka soo baxaan qodobo ay isugu soo dhawaanayaan labada dhinac. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

Raisal Wasaare Xasan Cali Kheyre – April 7, 2018 Ra’isul Wasaaraha Soomaaliya Xasan Cali Kheyre ay wehliyaan Wasiirka Amniga Gudaha iyo Taliyaha Hay’ada Nabad sugida ayaa xalay booqasho dhiiro galin ah ugu tagay ciidamada ku sugan koontarooladii shalay qaraxyada ka dhaceyn. Xasan Cali Kheyre iyo Masuuliyiinta kale ee la socday ayaa xalay xili dambe tagay koontaroolada ay ku sugan yihiin Ciidanka Nabad sugida ee kuyaala agagaarka Igsooska KM-4 iyo Isgooska Banaadir. Ra’iisul Wasaare Kheyre ayaa mid mid u Gacan qaaday Ciidankii ku sugnaa koontarooladii lagu fashiliyay qaraxyada , wuxuuna taliyeyaasha koontarooladaasi ka dhagaystay Warbixinno ku aaddan sidii ay ugu ho tageen Qaraxyadii shalay dhacay. Waxa uu uga mahad celiyay Ra’isul Wasaaraha geesinimada iyo dadaalka badan ay sameeyeen kuna fashiliyeen qaraxyada, waxa uuna R/Wasaaraha ciidankaasi gudoonsiiyay abaal marin lacageed oo ay ku farxeen. Waxa uu sheegay Kheyre in geesinimada ciidankan badbaadisay naf badan oo Soomaaliyeed, isagoo Ciidanka howl-galkaasi ku guuleystay iyo taliyeyaashooduba u sheegay inuu Salaan diirran iyo hambalyo baaxad leh kaga sida Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya Mudane; Maxamed C/laahi Farmaajo. Ciidamada Nabad Sugida ee ku sugan Koontaroolada KM-4 iyo Banaadir ayaa shalay fashiliyay qaraxyo la doonayay in laga geesto goobo Muqdisho katirsan, waxaana qaraxyadan ka dhaceen koontaroolada iyada oon khasarao geesan Xigasho Axdle

By Dr. Hussein Mohamed Nur INTRODUCTION The Horn of Africa region has always been a major cockpit for the world politics and a playground for the world powers and the geopolitical strategy of Somaliland is important for the security of the region. Since Somaliland’s withdrawal from union with Somalia in 1991, it has achieved a relative peace, security, and stability and embarked on the development of successful democratization and pluralism. The remarkable achievements Somaliland has made since then link it to the international agenda, i.e., in the prevention of international terrorism, sea piracy and extremists and the security of the region. Somaliland after having emerged from the ruins, the destruction of the civil conflict and liberation struggle by the SNM and a decade of oppression before that by the Barre regime, Somaliland has eventually produced a functional government complete with all the accoutrements of modern statehood and most of the international community show commitment to strengthen to support democracy, pluralism and good governance. The peace and stability that Somaliland relished reinforce its role of acting as a bulwark against extremist ideologies and terrorist violence in the region. It was exactly because of that that some American scholars even made the argument that it is important to encourage Somaliland through appropriate economic, political and security cooperation to anchor it within America’s orbit as an international society. In the international political arena, Somaliland is considered as an African success story and has become a model for the rest of the conflict-ridden parts of the world particularly Africa including Somalia which has so far not produced tangible results in terms of the peace, stability and not to mention democratization and pluralism. But Somaliland’s success lies within its expertise in peace, reconciliations and nation building and to overlook that is to undermine the international goals of poverty alleviation, achieving peace, stability and good governance in the region. In consensus, Somaliland’s outstanding features are attributes by a grassroots involvement of the people; a positive role of traditional authorities; an asset of a culture of negotiation and conflict resolution, as well as temperance of ethnicity and deployment of constructive purposes. Somaliland merits international recognition The recognition of Somaliland would surely boost prosperity in the Horn region and would be a credit to human rights and democracy in the region in general and in its neighbor, Somalia in particular. The last presidential election (2017) has further consolidated a successful pluralistic democracy in action. I retain that if the West is truly serious about democracy promotion, peace, stability, security, counter-terrorism, curtailment of the spread of religious fundamentalism (a comprehensive package that Somaliland possesses and committed to sustaining), they should officially recognize it. The Europeans pushed the issue of recognition to the African. But the African Union (AU) chose to be silent about the issue. Ironically, the AU’s overall mandate is to safeguard the wish of the African people and that, of course, includes the wish, motivation, and enthusiasm of the people of Somaliland who chose their destiny and self-determination and motivation. Within the social context, self-determination is understood to be a natural phenomenon of human motivation concerned with development and functioning of personality. The definitive goal of Somaliland is to stay out of a botched union to preserve its peoples’ interest who, by a wide majority (97%), voted to their fate in the 2001 constitutional referendum to revoke its union with Somalia and regain its sovereignty and independent status before unity with the south. It is, therefore, the peoples’ consecrated principle that needs to be respected by the African Union and the international community as that is concomitant with legality and a human rights. Comparatively, in Somalia, both earlier transitional governments (the TNG and TFG) failed and provided no beneficial impetus for the Somali society in the realization of peace, security, and stability. Both transitional administrations were classed as pretenders and predators. The present Federal government of Somalia, though a product of well-intentioned efforts of the international community to set up a proper democratic government, is technically and practically still indicates a failed state. It is merely ineffective and toothless and has no capacity or endurance to shed off the malaise of the tribal divisions it vows in theory. The government is dominated by the popular 4.5 clans coded system topped up with an utter lack of security and peace. Despite being an undemocratic entity, the federal government of Somalia has been recognized by the international community. In addition, it is being kept floating above the water by an injection of huge external finances and assistance from the international community. The security of Somalia is in the hands of foreign troops (AMISOM) consisting of six African nations with a huge budget that runs more than US$1.3 million a year (The Economist, 2016). Somaliland merits recognition. The case of Somaliland for international recognition is strong. The argument for recognition of Somaliland is firmly grounded on legality. A robust legal ground clearly puts it forward to achieve it’s independent statehood that it has lost to Somalia in 1960 as some British lawyers (members of the European Parliament in Brussels stress. Somaliland has the essential paraphernalia for recognition as an independent state. It is relatively peaceful and stable and developed visible engagement with the rest of the world with excellent relationships with independent states, governments and excellent relationship with the rest of the world (the international community, UN agencies, the Arab League, the EU, and the AU). The cooperation of Somaliland with the principal nations in the developed world (America, Europeans, and others) is irrefutable. “Somaliland has undoubtedly the most democratic political system in the entire Horn of Africa”. During the 2017 presidential elections, political pundits described Somaliland as the strongest democracy in East Africa ( ). But recognition is more to do with politics and is more dependent upon the prevailing world political game in play. In 2005 the African Union itself admitted that Somaliland’s claim for recognition is not much about legality but that it remains in political limbo despite that it ticks all the statehood boxes. Five years ago, in 2013, the international community set Somaliland and Somalia apart by setting mutually exclusive claims of both authorities in Mogadishu and Hargeisa. Hence, by endorsing a system named ‘the Somali Compact’ (SC). In fact, the SC indirectly settles Somaliland’s political destination. An entire section of the compact ‘Somaliland Special Arrangements (SSA)’ acknowledges Somaliland’s development efforts and circles the institutionalization of its on-going process and initiation with an overarching and equal partnership between the Somaliland government, its people, and the international community. The argument here is that Somaliland clearly moved from a non-existent object to an object of recognition in the international discourse. Arguments against Somaliland international recognition mainly focus on false presumptions – that the recognition of Somaliland will open a ‘Pandora’s Box’ in Africa and that would, therefore, encourage other African entities to follow suit which would lead to claims of secessionists and that would, in turn, lead to instabilities in the continent. This is purely a hypothetical and delusive theory. Somaliland’s case would not lead to redrawing of boundaries. In 1991 the Somaliland Protectorate borders during the colonial times were restored exactly as they were when it was granted independence on 26 June 1960, i.e., its same borders when it was granted independence by Britain and when at the same time it joined with Italian Somalia on its independence day (1 July 1960). For more than thirty years Somaliland and Somalia were in a loose and illegal union. The union process took place in haste with no ratified or agreed Act of Union by the two states uniting. There were two distinctly different versions of Acts of Union which made the union legally impossible and impractical. Nevertheless, that was overshadowed by the extreme public pressure and the highly charged emotion of the people who expected that would lead to Greater Somalia. There was no interest and no time in the consideration of the fine details of the Union Act and any legal flaws or mistakes of technicalities. Therefore, the Act of the union was an unequivocally illegal and invalid tool according to the international law. Thus, there was no legal binding contract that could hold the two together. The illegality of the union was clearly proven by the case of the aborted junior military officers (discussed in an earlier part of this series and in details in author’s forthcoming book ‘The Rebirth of Somaliland’). Somaliland is wrongly described as ‘secessionist’ by those against recognition of Somaliland or the unionists. However, Somaliland is not (and has never been) a region or a territory seceding from a country called ‘Somalia’. Somaliland is neither carving a region out of a country (Somalia) nor dismembering a sovereign state (Somalia). Somaliland is neither a territory incorporated into a sovereign state nor a territory seceding from a country called Somalia. After more than three decades, the union did not work and withdrawal of one (Somaliland) from the union is in full in accord with the international law. Rather Somaliland only restored its own sovereignty and territorial integrity. Somaliland is NOT a secessionist. The case of Somaliland is a case of ‘dissolution’ of a failed union between two distinct separate independent states and there are precedent cases. There are precedents for Somaliland’s dissolution of the union. A number of independent African independent states dissolved their unions before. For example, the union of the United Arab Republic between Egypt and Syria was dissolved in 1961; the union between French Sudan and Senegal (the Malian Federation) was dissolved in 1960; Senegambia (Gambia and Senegal) was dissolved in 1989. In other parts of the world, the chain of the breakdown of federations of the former USSR and Yugoslavia, East Timor among others are relevant examples. The concept of greater Somalia State which was a sacrosanct issue among all Somalis during the pre-independence period is nowadays twisted and equated the union of two Somali-inhabited territories (Somalia and Somaliland) as irreversible disguising the term ‘Somali Unity’. The Somali unity which is staunchly and persistently expressed by Somalia is actually a kind of a daydream though technically, practically and politically a dead and an obsolete term. Claims of Somali unity of two territories, instead of the five Somalis parts, has no bearings in the modern politics. What Somaliland should do compromise, and is fond of, is the Somali identity, the socio-cultural and societal ties, the relationships, cooperation and mutual support between Somaliland and Somalia as two separate independent states. This concept of Greater Somalia had faltered apart a long time ago. It is a surreal ambition and practically proven unachievable expectation. Each one of the five Somali-inhabited territories went on its own way one after the other. For instance, when Kenya achieved its independence from Britain in 1963, the Northeast province (NFD) Somali speaking province officially became part of the independent country of Kenya. In 1977, Djibouti, another Somali-speaking territory with a large section of population Somali which was under French control was declared independent as the Republic of Djibouti. A third Somali inhabited territory (aka the ‘Ogaden’) together with the grazing lands of ‘Haud and Reserved Area’) of Somaliland annexed to Ethiopia in 1954, presently forms part of Ethiopian Democratic Federal State ‘the fifth region’. In 1991 Somaliland (a fourth Somali speaking territory) withdrew from the union with the South (Somalia). That was the end of the Somali unity (Greater Somalia notion or perception or dream. That literally put the nail in the coffin of the unity notion though still being voiced by unionists of Somalia and their cohorts. Those successive historic events rendered the Pan Somalia notion obsolete and utopian. The union of the two does not mean the unity of Somalis. The unity of all Somalis does not mean the union of only two Somali entities (Somaliland and Somalia). The Montevideo Convention Somaliland perfectly complies with the international Montevideo Convention Test. It fulfills all of the Convention’s Rights and Duties of States. The Convention holds the conditions of statehood against specific criteria: a permanent population, a defined territory, a functioning government, and the capacity to enter relations with other states. The requirements of Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention on rights, duties, and requirements of a State are fulfilled. Somaliland has a permanent population (about 3.5 million) with a distinct colonial experience; a defined territory (area of 246,000???m2; a fully functioning government with essential fundamental institutions and structures; and has the capacity to enter into relationships with other states. Somaliland has undoubtedly established the most democratic political system in the entire Horn of Africa. Somaliland withdrew from the union for a number of reasons: a) Somaliland people expectations of the union ended with failure and Somaliland experienced injustices in power-sharing with South Somalia and b) Somaliland people were oppressed, alienated and subjugated followed by systematic destruction by its government and c) the North did not have its share in development. Somaliland’s declared independence as a result of all Somaliland people’s wish and choice and its withdrawal does not contravene the principle of utti possidetis juris which should not be annulled or disregarded. Utti possidetis juris is a principle of customary international law that provides emerging independent states to retain the same borders that their preceding dependent areas had before independence. What makes Somaliland an exception to the rule is the pertinent question that needs to ask. Utti possidetis has been already applied to some South American countries, Africa, Yugoslavia, Soviet Union and others where centralized governments were broken up or where imperial rulers were replaced. The principle of inviolability of boundaries is rightly applicable in Somaliland. Somaliland does not claim any land beyond its legitimate borders boundaries. By reclaiming its territorial integrity and its sovereignty, Somaliland borders or boundaries are coterminous with the borders of British Somaliland protectorate during the colonial period. The Organization of African Union (OAU) Charter mentions the inviolability of colonial borders. This clause should be enforced and respected. In the 1970s the late president of Tanzania, Julius Nyrere strongly made this argument for African countries not to violate the colonial borders they inherited during independence. The same argument was used against the union of all Somali-inhabited territories that the Somali Republic in search for the unity under the popular notion of Greater Somalia. The colonial borders of Somaliland have been confirmed by an AU Fact-Finding mission to Somaliland in 2005 and concluded that Somaliland’s case is unique and self-justified in the African political history and, therefore, that should not be linked to the notion of ‘opening Pandora box’. Somaliland is not breaching the clause. It is not causing disintegration of the colonial borders of Somalia as expressed by the official report of the AU fact-finding mission to Somaliland in 2005 led by the Deputy Chairperson of the AU, Patrick Mazimbaka. Whilst the African Union acknowledges Somaliland’s unique circumstances in principle, yet it chose not to take Somaliland seriously. The mandate of the OAU (AU’s predecessor) is to support respect for the colonial borders. The borders of Somaliland are the colonial borders. The 1963 AU Charter recognizes the independent states of colonial territories and the borders they inherited from colonial regimes. In accordance with an OAU decision in 1964 that became operational in July of that year, article 16(1) of the OAU constitution clearly clarifies the colonial borders. Similarly, the AU Charter has its predecessor’s (OAU Charters II and III) in its original form and not even amended, setting the responsibility of the organization to respect borders left behind by colonial governments and the integrity of the independent states formed therewith after. The borders of Somaliland have been clearly demarcated according to the international law through international agreements made by Britain with France (The Anglo-French Treaty of 1888); Italy (The Anglo-Italian Treaty of 1894) and the Ethiopian Emperor (The Ethiopian Treaty of 1897). Without exception to other African independent states, Somaliland borders are also internationally established and supported by the principles of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) (AU’s parent organization). The borders drawn by the colonial powers are not based on lineage but on land like many other African countries. The division of people of Somali ethnic origin and their spread in different parts of the region was therefore not based ethnicity. Like Somalis, many Africans such as the Fulani (in Nigeria, Niger, Chad etc.) inhabit in lands within different neighboring countries. Somali people live in different territories in East Africa (Kenya, Djibouti, and Ethiopia). In fact, the people of Somaliland have a distinct identity. The North is inhabited by a diverse number of Somali clans or tribes sharing the same culture and tradition who were living together since time immemorial. As a result of that, they have developed a sense of deep political identity. The lack of international recognition of Somaliland is often used as a smokescreen to overshadow Somaliland’s achievements. One of the most common, but rather weak, arguments against the independence of Somaliland is that it cannot secede from Somalia because of the nativity of Somalis and that Somalis speak the same language, share a common culture and have the same religion (Islam) as the people of Somalia. A glimpse on the currently existing more than 50 separate Arab countries that are internationally recognized as independent states with different borders despite them having a common language (Arabic), same religion (Islam) and sharing common culture and traditions. After all, it was the Somaliland people who chose, in the first place, to unite with their brothers in Somalia with no strings attached to. It is equally the Somaliland peoples’ who wished to exercise their right to reclaim their independence back. Since its withdrawal, Somaliland proved to be a shining beacon of hope, peace and a model of democracy in the African continent. This was achieved through a carefully planned comprehensive process of reconciliations between rival clans. Somaliland is internationally ‘recognized’ as an oasis of peace in an otherwise turbulent region. Somaliland has taken full advantage of democratic principles for the formation of a pluralistic society in which four free and fair democratic elections (two presidential elections, a parliamentary and a municipality election) witnessed by international observers and covered by the world media took place. Four presidents, elected through the ballot have changed presidencies. The third presidential and Parliamentary elections are planned in 2017. In Somalia, the 2016 elections took place in a bidding war financially both for candidates amidst corruption and foreigners who have diverse interests. Somaliland has established successful democratic process and pluralism. It has a series of direct successful elections (six of them). The fact that a presidential candidate lost the vote by a mere 80 votes in public polls (2003) and conceded defeat is extraordinarily a miracle in the African politics. That shows how serious Somaliland is about the principles of democracy. Contrarily, Somalia’s feet are still stuck in the mud of the 4.5 clan code system that demeans and marginalizes minority clans. It has not yet stepped on the democracy ladder. 2016 despite the corruptions and sale of votes of its indirect elections, Somalia is as yet undemocratic even though it is being supported by the international community for political reasons. In conclusion, Somaliland asserts independence as a separate independent and holds a strong card, even stronger than the ones Bosnia-Herzegovina had, to qualify for an independent status. Since Somaliland complies with the Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States that holds the conditions of statehood. This constitutes a compelling legal basis for international recognition, under the international law. Somaliland has a proven right to abrogate from the union because its people are not satisfied with the union. Somaliland is a model for other conflict-ridden states of Africa by virtue of its peculiar successful peace-building process and democratization. It is indisputably one of the most democratic political systems in the entire Horn of Africa. It is known to be a unique experiment and a miraculous example to the rest of the African continent in achieving a lasting peace and security by virtue of unsupported efforts and hard work. Without foreign aid money, Somaliland did not a debacle for nearly 26 years and did not disintegrate as many advocated and probably wished. The resilience and progress are mainly due to Somaliland’s entrepreneurial streak and bare bones of efficiency. A two-state approach is the only way forward to the solution of the political stalemate between Somaliland and Somalia as two independent Somali states will be working together in collaboration with each other and maintaining cooperation in the economic, socio-cultural and traditional aspects. Somalia’s newly-elected government led by the new president, Farmajo and his Prime Minister (Khayre) stand tough challenges in future negotiations with Somaliland. They have a mammoth task to bring Somalia out of the impasse. The government is not a product of directly conducted democratic elections. It came in the most corruptive manner where votes were marketed and sold openly with huge finances. The government is also a product of the corrupt duopoly system (between two major clans, Mogadishu Clan and Darod) as professor Samatar stresses. The recognition of Somaliland would definitely enhance the progress, development, and stability in Somalia and the region. Recognition of Somaliland would be the most cost-effective means to ensure security in an otherwise troubled and problematic region. In pursuit of international recognition, Somaliland should develop a stratagem for convincing the rest of the world. There is a need for a strategic thinking spearheaded by competent multi-disciplined with professionals including technocrats and politicians. The road to achieving recognition is still long, tortuous and winding. A comprehensive thinking, approach, and development of a strategic plan are imperative.

Deeq Mohamed Ali, a metal worker in Hargeisa, has been frustrated by the lack of business in the last few months, as the drought caused the pastoralist families his trade depends on to migrate away to other areas in search of food and water. Deeq, who leads the local blacksmiths association, estimates that 950 men involved in metal working have been made unemployed in the past six months in this part of Somaliland. At Birmaal Workshop, Deeq’s own business, they produce spades and other tools, water storage tanks, instruments for livestock slaughtering, construction equipment and fencing for livestock. “My livelihood depended on the rural families, so when they migrated away we couldn’t find people to purchase our products,” said Deeq Deeq told Radio Ergo that some members of the trade association are now spending most of their time at home. They cannot provide for their families or pay school fees for their children. Abdi Mire Aadan, a father of seven, stopped working five months ago when business dried up. The family was evicted from their three room house last December for failing to pay the $90 rent. They now sleep in a makeshift hut Abdi erected on an open plot of land, owned by a relative, alongside other destitute families. Abdi, who has been in the trade for the last 20 years, used to make between $30 and $50 a day. Now, he has to beg to get food for his family. In the six months he has not been able to pay school fees for his four children at their Koranic school. “I used to be well off before. The people that supported our business have been struggling, so what do you think we can do? We can’t do much, only God can help us,” said Abdi. Others are earning reduced income from the sale of cheap items like charcoal stoves. The stoves, hammered out from old tins, sell for just $1 each. Muhydin Hersi, a metal worker, told Radio Ergo he made 10 axes last month but finds they are hard to sell. He is struggling to support his wife and three children on around $3 a day if he is lucky, down from the $10 or so he used to earn. “The drought has not only affected the local pastoralists. We are just like the families that lost their livestock – just as they are struggling we can also understand their situation,” he said. He hopes life will improve after the drought, when the livestock trade resumes. Ergo

A South Korean court has found former President Park Geun-hye guilty on multiple counts of abuse of power, bribery and coercion and sentenced her to 24 years in prison. Park’s conviction brings to close a corruption scandal which gripped South Korea, upending the country’s politics and implicating some of the country’s most powerful figures. “The President abused the power which was given to her by the citizens,” the judge said, adding a tough sentence was needed to send a firm message to the country’s future leaders. Prosecutors had asked for Park to receive a 30 year sentence. Park was found guilty of 16 of the 18 charges she faced, related to a massive influence-peddling case that removed her from office last year. As well as the prison sentence she was also fined $17 million. The former president was not in the Seoul Central District Court to hear the verdict. Park and her lawyers refused to participate after the court decided to live broadcast the judgment, the first time this has happened in South Korea, after a law was passed last year to enable it. Park is expected to appeal. Outside the court, hundreds of supporters of Park had gathered, waving Korean and US flags and calling for the former president’s release. Older, conservative South Koreans, who remembered the dictatorship of Park’s father fondly as a period of strength for the country, were her electoral base and a common sight throughout the impeachment process. Dramatic downfall South Korea’s first female president, and the daughter of former dictator Park Chung-hee, Park Geun-hye was arrested in March 2017 shortly after she was stripped of her office by the country’s Constitutional Court, which upheld a parliamentary vote to impeach her. That vote came after millions of South Koreans took to the streets over a period of several months to demand Park’s ouster, after revelations of the alleged massive influence wielded by her adviser and confidant, Choi Soon-sil. Choi, the daughter of a cult leader once accused of having “complete control over Park’s body and soul during her formative years,” held no political office but is accused of using her influence over the President to funnel money to organizations she controlled and get her daughter a place at an elite university. Park was accused of being unduly influenced by Choi. The court which upheld her impeachment agreed with accusations that Park had abused her authority in helping Choi raise donations from companies for foundations she had set up. In February, Choi was sentenced to 20 years in jail on 18 charges including abuse of power, coercion, fraud and bribe, and fined $16.6 million. Also implicated in the scandal was Samsung chief Lee Jae-yong. The 49-year-old billionaire was found guilty of bribery and other corruption charges last year and sentenced to five years in prison, but in February a higher court reduced his sentence and suspended it for four years. Source: Hiiraan Online