Now that the United Nations Security Council resolution for a no-fly zone has been passed, how will it be implemented? The UNSC Resolution 1973 has made it legal for the international community to protect the Libyan people from Muammar Gaddafi's lethal and excessive force - by, among other things, imposing a no-fly zone and carrying out military strikes and other military action short of occupation. However, the overzealousness of certain Western powers like Britain, France and, as of late, the US, to interpret the resolution as an open-ended use of force, is worrisome. With their long history of interference and hegemony in the region, their political and strategic motivation remains dubious at best. Likewise, their rush to use air force individually or collectively could prove morally reprehensible - even if legally justified - if they further complicate the situation on the ground. This sounds like 'damned if they do, damned if they don't'? Well, the onus is on these Western powers to prove that their next move and actions are based on a strictly humanitarian basis and are not meant as a down payment for longer-term interference in Libyan and regional affairs. They need to demonstrate how their 'change of heart' from supporting the Gaddafi dictatorship over several years to condemning him as a war criminal and acting to topple him, is not motivated by more of the same narrow national and Western strategic interest. Unfortunately, the Libyan dictator's statements and actions (and his recent cynical and contradictory threats and appeals) have played into Western hands, making it impossible for Libyans, like Tunisians and Egyptians before them, to take matters into their own hands. Those who abstained at the UN Security Council, including Germany, India and Brazil, wanted to co-operate in c*****ng a brighter future for Libya, but are also suspicious of the overzealous French and British eagerness to jump into a Libyan quagmire with firepower. What then should Libyans, Arabs and other interested global powers do to help Libya avoid a terrible escalation to violence or a major humanitarian disaster? Now that the international community has given the Libyan revolutionaries a protective umbrella that includes a full range of military and humanitarian actions, it is incumbent upon the Libyan opposition to mobilise for mass action in every city and town both in the east and west and challenge the regime's militias. As the Libyan regime loses its civilian, tribal and international legitimacy, so will his security base be shaken over the next few days and weeks. In fact, if the Libyan revolutionaries avoid complacency and exploit their newly gained legitimacy and protection in order to work more closely with their Arab neighbours and to demonstrate their political and popular weight in the country, the regime could very well implode from within. The most effective and constructive way to use the newly mandated use of force by the UN Security Council is to use as little of it, as accurately, as selectively as possible, and ideally not use it at all. It is still possible for the threat of the use of international force, coupled with domestic popular pressure, to bring down the weakened regime. An escalation to an all out war is in no one's interest, especially Libya's.

Despite the announcement, bombardment of opposition-held territory by Gaddafi's forces continued with 25 people killed in the eastern city of Misrata according to a doctor. The opposition council in Benghazi rejected the ceasefire amid the continued attacks and US secretary of state Hillary Clinton demanded to see "action on the ground", rather than just words.

More than 40 people were reported killed and at least 300 injured in Yemen after Yemeni security forces and unidentified snipers opened fire on anti-government protesters after Muslim prayers in the capital, Sana'a. President Ali Abdullah Saleh, the target of the demonstrators, responded by declaring a state of emergency. US president Barack Obama condemned the violence.

Syrian TV says security forces, protesters clash (AP) – 3 hours ago BEIRUT (AP) — Syrian state media says security forces have dispersed protesters in two towns in what would be the most serious unrest in years in one of the Mideast's most repressive states. Amateur video footage posted Friday on YouTube and Twitter shows large groups of protesters in several cities throughout Syria but its authenticity could not be immediately be independently confirmed. State television says some "infiltrators" in the town of Deraa caused "chaos and riots" and smashed cars and some property before they were chased off by riot police. It says a similar demonstration in the coastal town of Banyas was dispersed without incident. One amateur video showed what appeared to be show Syrian government trucks spraying water on marchers. Two others purport to show several thousand men gathering in the cities of Homs and Baniyas. THIS IS A BREAKING NEWS UPDATE. Check back soon for further information. AP's earlier story is below. DAMASCUS, Syria (AP) — Plainclothes security officers forcefully dispersed about a dozen protesters calling Friday for more freedoms in Syria, human rights activists said. The activists said the protest occurred in the yard of Damascus' famous Ummayad Mosque shortly after Friday prayers. At least two protesters were detained, they said. The protest was the third small rally broken up in Damascus this week as authorities squelch gatherings in inspired by those sweeping the Arab world. Eight Syrian human rights groups said a prosecutor had questioned and charged dozens of demonstrators with hurting the state's image. The groups said the 32 activists denied the charges. They included four relatives of political prisoner Kamal Labawani, who is serving a 12-year prison sentence. The activists were detained Wednesday when plainclothes security officers armed with batons dispersed a protest near the Interior Ministry demanding the release of political prisoners. Government critics are routinely jailed in Syria, a predominantly Sunni country ruled by minority Alawites.

Yemeni protesters carry wounded people from the site of clashes in Sana'a after troops opened fire on marchers. Photograph: Muhammed Muheisen/AP

At least 35 people have been shot dead and hundreds wounded in Sana'a after soldiers and plain-clothed government loyalists opened fired on protesters trying to march through the Yemeni capital. The death toll, which is expected to rise, is the highest seen in more than a month of violence in Yemen, with protesters demanding that President Ali Abdullah Saleh step down. The protest on Friday had started peacefully. Tens of thousands filled a mile-long stretch of road by Sana'a University for a prayer ceremony mourning the loss of seven protesters killed in similar violence last weekend. As the prayers came to an end, however, the sight of black smoke from a burning car caught the attention of protesters, who began surging towards it. Witnesses say the first shots were fired by security forces trying to disperse the protesters and they were joined by plain-clothed men who fired on the demonstrators with Kalashnikovs from the roofs of nearby houses. A nearby mosque was transformed into a chaotic makeshift hospital for injured protesters. The wounded, most of them men in their early 20s, were suffering from the effects of teargas and bullet wounds, many having been shot in the chest. The dead were carried into the mosque's main prayer room and laid out in a line with miniature Qur'ans on their chests. "They shot people in the back of the head as they were running away," said Mohammed al-Jamil, an Indian doctor treating the wounded. "Whoever did this wanted these people to die." Children were also caught up in the violence. "My brother is twelve years old, they shot him twice, once in the arm and once in the leg," shouted a young man through a crackling microphone to a roaring crowd of thousands outside the mosque. "Saleh would rather shoot us all before stepping down." Until now government forces have largely used water cannons, rubber bullets and teargas to disperse anti-regime rallies, but live rounds were fired on Friday in what appears be the beginning of an increasingly violent crackdown on protesters. Anti-government demonstrations were held in other cities, including Taiz, Ibb, Hodeidah, Aden and Amran, following Friday prayers at midday. Yemen, the youngest and poorest country in the Arab world, has been hit by weeks of protests set in motion by uprisings in north Africa that toppled long-serving leaders in Tunisia and Egypt and spread to the Gulf states of Bahrain, Oman and Saudi Arabia. Saleh has maintained a firm grip on power for more than three decades and has rejected calls for him to step down, saying he will only do so when his current term of office expires in 2013.

in Villa Morgan we have today an old man who is deluding himself. Siilanyo has killed civilians, mere Nomads in Cayn and yet lost to the locals. His militia are scared to death in LA, and using force against the poor unarmed civilians.

^^^Wonderful for the people who raised that and may they raise more.

Reuters has a very useful round-up of who might be contributing what to in any military operations against Gaddafi . France Likely to deploy Mirage and Rafale fighters from air bases near the Mediterranean towns of Marseille and Istres or from Corsica. Airborne refuelling tanker aircraft are also ready to depart from Istres. Fighter jets could reach Libya in around an hour and a half from the south of France and in around an hour from Corsica. The Charles de Gaulle aircraft carrier is in Toulon so would be ready to deploy fast. Britain Britain said it would deploy Typhoon patrol jets and all-weather Tornado attack aircraft based at RAF bases in Scotland and in Norfolk but would be moved to unidentified bases nearer Libya. Britain has two frigates if needed off the Libyan coast: HMS Cumberland and HMS Westminster. US The US navy has an aircraft carrier, the USS Enterprise, and other warships in the Mediterranean, but unclear whether they would be used. Italy Italy is unlikely to take part in strikes but is expected to provide its air base at Sigonella in Sicily. Fighter jets leaving from Sicily could reach Libya in around half an hour. Norway Norway said it will make its F-16 fighter jets available for an operation in Libya and could also provide Hercules transport aircraft to assist in humanitarian efforts. Denmark Denmark said it would send six F-16 planes and one military transport plane to support an intervention in Libya. The planes were ready to leave Denmark on Saturday for a southern European base with around 100 personnel including pilots and support. Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Qatar are seen as the most likely Arab nations to provide back-up for an operation.

^^^XX I suggest you stay of that strong Kulmiye stuff, its whats gott Siilanyo into all sorts of bother. On record we know who loves the children of Addis Ababab more than the kids of Mogadishu. '

We will judge him by his actions not his words. What is absolutely clear is the UN security council resolution said he must stop what he is doing, brutalising his people. If not, all necessary measures can follow to make him stop. That is what we agreed last night, that is what we are preparing for and we'll judge him by what he does. British PM.

The Guardian's, Owen Bowcott has been talking to legal experts about the legal aspects of military intervention in Libya. Here is the first part of his q&a. Q: What does the UN resolution permit the participating allies to attack? A: The security council vote gives wide-ranging authorisation for the use of force against targets in the air and on the ground, according to most international lawyers. The phrase in paragraph 4 of Resolution 1973 calls on member states "to take all necessary measures ..... to protect civilians and civilian populated areas under threat of attack..." Malcolm Shaw, professor of international law at Leicester university, described it as giving the broadest powers for intervention since the UN resolution deploring the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990. Q: Can UN-backed forces put anyone on the ground? A: Ground spotters to improve the accuracy of air strikes might even be allowed under the terms of the resolution which explicitly excludes "a foreign occupation force of any form on any part of Libyan territory", some lawyers suggested. If the intention is not to occupy, then their presence could be deemed not to conflict with the UN's aims. "Some supportive ground presence would be authorised," Professor Shaw said.

This one is loved by the powers that be.

Foreign minister announces end to military operations as Western forces prepare to enforce a UN-backed no-fly zone.

Libya's ceasefire was announced shortly after Britain said it was sending fighter jets to Mediterranean bases [AFP]

Garowe, did not call in Ethiopian troops to attack Buhudle and then lose. No adeer the man who is doing everything in his power to rob, kill, maim and humiliate the people of SSC is Warlord Siilanyo.

Indeed the brave sons of the Darwish are exposing the lies that is NW Secession.

Royal Air Force Tornado aircraft takes off from RAF Marham in Norfolk. Photograph: Reuters

UN security council resolution on Libya: key pointsThe main details of UN Resolution 1973 authorising action to protect Libyan civilians from Muammar Gaddafi The resolution expresses the UN's "grave concern at the deteriorating situation, the escalation of violence, and the heavy civilian casualties", condemns "the gross and systematic violation of human rights, including arbitrary detentions, enforced disappearances, torture and summary executions" and says the attacks against civilians "may amount to crimes against humanity" and pose a "threat to international peace and security". • A no-fly zone is "an important element for the protection of civilians as well as the safety of the delivery of humanitarian assistance and a decisive step for the cessation of hostilities in Libya". • It "demands the immediate establishment of a ceasefire and a complete end to violence and all attacks against, and abuses of, civilians" and "that the Libyan authorities comply with their obligations under international law ... and take all measures to protect civilians and meet their basic needs, and to ensure the rapid and unimpeded passage of humanitarian assistance". • It authorises UN member states "to take all necessary measures [notwithstanding the previous arms embargo] to protect civilians and civilian populated areas under threat of attack in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, including Benghazi, while excluding a foreign occupation force of any form on any part of Libyan territory''. • It requests the co-operation of the Arab League member states in the previous measure. • It decides to "establish a ban on all flights in the airspace of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya in order to help protect civilians", exempting humanitarian flights, and authorises member states and Arab League nations "acting nationally or through regional organisations or arrangements, to take all necessary measures to enforce compliance with the ban on flights". • It calls on member states to intercept boats and aircraft it believes may be taking arms and other items banned under the previously passed UN embargo and includes "armed mercenary personnel'' in that category – telling members states to "comply strictly with their obligations ... to prevent the provision of armed mercenary personnel to the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya''. • Member states should ensure domestic businesses "exercise vigilance when doing business with entities incorporated" in Libya "if the states have information that provides reasonable grounds to believe that such business could contribute to violence and use of force against civilians". • It requests that the UN secretary general creates "a group of up to eight experts" to oversee the implementation of the resolution.

SNM militia attacked and killed civilians in SSC, they still occupy a few areas notably LA. However the valiant defenders of the union and sons of the Darwish have fought back and chased most of the militia out of the region. Siilanyo's crims is documented fact that can not be ignored.

Som@li;702944 wrote: This mad dog and his gangs already defeated in SSC, Warlord Silaanyo, Like rest of sessionists ,high on khat, can't tell right from wrong , and must be stopped. The game is up; the Somali people know what type of man is claiming the governorship of NW Somalia. Siilanyo is a has-been an old relic a dinosaur from an age long ago.

least 30 people have been killed and scores were wounded after Yemeni security forces opened fire on protesters at University square, in the capital Sanaa. Security forces opened fire on Friday, in attempts to prevent protesters from marching out of the square where they were gathered, sources said. Medical sources said the death toll was likely to rise. Pro-regime "thugs" also opened fire on protesters from houses close to university square, witnesses told the AFP news agency. Friday's attack came as tens of thousands gathered across the country, continuing to demand that president Ali Abdullah Saleh - the country's ruler of 32 years - step down. Al Jazeera correspondents in Sanaa reported that many protesters were shot in the head and neck; most of the injured were shot with live ammunition. Medics at a nearby medical centre told Al Jazeera almost 200 people were injured; many were in critical condition. One medic called the attack a "massacre". Anti-government demonstrations were also held in other cities including Taiz, Ibb, Hodeidah, Aden, and Amran following Muslim midday prayers on Friday. Standing firm

Libya declares immediate ceasefire Libya's foreign minister announces an end to military operations hours after the UN Security Council backs no-fly zone. Libya has announced it will halt all military operations in the country following a decision by the United Nations Security Council to back a no-fly zone over the country. Mussa Kussa, the Libyan foreign secretary, said his government was interested in protecting all civilians and foreigners in a statement televised on Friday. He said Libya was disappointed over the agreement to install a no-fly zone. More to follow.

We emphasise in the resolution 1973 for the year 2011, we emphasise and agree to the article regarding the protection of civilians and the territorial unity of Libya. "And therefore, building on this, we are opening all dialogue channels with everyone interested in the territorial unity of Libya. "And my country is very serious about continuing the development, economic, political, humanitarian and social development of the Libyan nation. "And we have indeed taken serious steps in continuing this development for the good of the Libyan people. And we believe that this will take the country back to safety and security for all Libyans. "We also express our sadness towards what the resolution has included, of procedures against the Libyan nation, such as the no-fly zone, which includes commercial and civilian flights.This will increase the suffering of the Libyan people, and will have a negative impact on the general life of Libyan people. "The international community should have exempted civilians from the resolution to secure their quality of life. "Also, the total and inclusive freezing of all Libyan assets and investments will have a very negative impact on normal Libyans and also on Libya's ability to fulfill its contracts locally and internationally. "Libya also finds that its very strange that the UN allows in its resolution the use of military power and there are signs that this might indeed take place. "This goes clearly against the UN Charter, and its a violation of the national sovereignty of Libya. And it's also in violation of Article 4(2) of the UN Charter. "And finally, we insist and emphasise our request for all international governments, NGOs and others to check the facts on the ground by sending fact-finding missions so that they can take the right decision by seeing the facts on the ground. Mousa Khousa, Libyan Foreign Minister

Libya, after having seen the resolution, would like to explain the following. As the country will try to deal with this resolution. Libya now has knowledge of this resolution, and according to article 25 of the UN charter, and taking into consideration that Libya is a full member of the UN, we accept that it is obliged to accept the security council resolution. Therefore, Libya has decided an immediate ceasefire, and the stoppage of all military operations. Libya takes great interest in protecting all civilians, and offering them all necessary humanitarian aid, and respecting all human rights, and obliging to the international and humanitarian laws and it is also obliged to protect all of the foreigners in Libya and protecting their assets. In doing so, Libya is in accordance with the resolutions of the security council and the articles of the charter of the United Nations. Libyan Foreign Minister